This past June 16th, the Supreme Court of the U.S. announced two highly pernicious decisions not only for Argentina and its people, but for all those who defend sovereignty and the primacy of human rights over the claims of big capital. The Court rejected Argentina´s appeal, leaving firm the lower court rulings which, since 2012, order Argentina to pay 100% of the debt claimed by several investment funds known as vultures - led by NML Capital - and to pay in full before continuing to service the bonds it restructured in 2005 and 2010. Moreover, the Supreme Court upheld those same vulture funds’ demand that Argentina identify the assets it holds outside its own territory, in order to facilitate new actions seeking to collect what the U.S. courts have decided that Argentina owes them.
Both decisions are as reprehensible as expected. In a world where human life, the life of nature, sovereignty and the rights of peoples and nations are increasingly undermined by the actions of big business - the financialization and perpetual crisis of the global capitalist economy, the rise of the casino economy, the intensification of its exploitative and predatory power over human labor and natural goods – these decisions exemplify the consolidation of a legal-political institutionality that recognizes no limit to usury and capitalist greed. A veritable architecture of impunity that, starting with the U.S. Foreign Sovereign Immunity Act which in 1976 established that the sovereignty of nations ends when the market so decides, has been built up over the subsequent years of neoliberal boom through the signing of multiple treaties and agreements of “free trade”, “economic cooperation”, investment protection, and the waiver of national sovereignty to foreign courts and arbitration forums such as the ICSID.
The attack of these hedge funds is not new.
Notwithstanding the backing they have now received from the US’ highest court, it is part of a process of bloody, illegitimate, and illegal indebtedness whose high cost the people of Argentina have been paying for far too many years. Without going back any further in history, the bonds now in the claws of these vultures can be traced directly to the odious debts accumulated by the dictatorship (’76 - ’83) and the debt imposed during the ’90s, under the extorsive power of those same debts and the decisive support of the IMF, World Bank, Paris Club, and others. A debt that was found to be fraudulent and arbitrary (Olmos Case, Case No. 14.467, Federal Court No. 2 for Criminal and Correctional Matters, Federal Capital, July 13, 2000) and which is still the subject of ongoing judicial investigations in other Argentine courts.
30,000 peoples disappeared, the privatization and denationalization of public patrimony, the successive structural adjustments and the economic collapse of 2001 with its horrendous consequences in terms of impoverishment, unemployment, exclusion and the reorganization of the economy, deepening its exploitative and extractive nature so as to be better able to service a debt which, for its proven illegalities, long ago should have been declared null and void. These are just some examples of the human, social, economic, and ecological cost that will only continue to grow if the underlying problems are not addressed.
So far, the Argentine government has tried to “win” the game of debt, playing with the same rules established by its purported creditors. Its aim is to return to international capital markets in order to borrow more and continue its dependency and submission to the domination exercised by those very markets. While the government keeps betting on a “more humane” capitalism however, that same capital keeps reaffirming that its very nature is exploitative and predatory. The results are clear: despite the fact that Argentina has made debt service payments of more than USD 400 billion since the end of the dictatorship in 1983, and more than USD 174 billion in the last decade alone, over that same period the debt has increased from USD 43 billion to more than USD 240 billion. The fact that the partial moratorium on debt payments, after the collapse of 2001, allowed Argentina to begin a process of economic recovery, clearly shows that there are alternatives to paying over and over for a debt that is not even owed.
Do not let the vultures continue flying!
We call on peoples, movements and organizations, governments and institutions of integration, especially here in our America and throughout the South, to join forces to stop this onslaught and the possibility that the vultures of any ilk, continue to live off us. In particular, we call for support of the demands and actions expressed by numerous Argentine organizations and popular leaders, as in their declaration VULTURES NEVER AGAIN:
• Support the Argentine people in their struggle to stop paying what they do not owe. Whatever measures are taken by the government now, for the people of Argentina the cost of continuing to recognize and pay debts that have been proven to be fraudulent is already too high. Let us unite behind their demand that the Argentine government suspend all payments until a participatory and comprehensive audit of the various claims can be completed, building on the criminal investigations already realized or in process. This would help to separate out those debt claims that are illegitimate and illegal and enable priority to be placed where it should be: on payment of the social debt to the only proven legitimate creditors: the Argentine people.
• Support the right of the Argentine government to not give into these hedge funds or vultures of any kind, notwithstanding the unfair backing of the U.S. judiciary or wherever. It is important to remember that not all laws are just, and unjust laws should be resisted until they are overturned. The Guiding Principles on External Debt and Human Rights reaffirm that human rights, including in particular economic, social, and cultural rights, take precedence over any commercial agreement or debt contract. They underscore for lender and borrower states, financial companies and investors, and multilateral institutions directly involved in the processes of indebting sovereign nations, that it is the right and obligation of States to take the necessary measures to comply first and foremost with the human rights of their populations, as well as to not pay debts that are odious or whose legitimacy and legality have not been established. They also reaffirm the obligation of all States to fulfill, and enforce, these rights.
• Call on the Argentine government, and all governments that want to protect their populations and prevent new vulture attacks, to put an end to the privileges and impunity of such transnationals, by:
Annulling and ending further recognition of the waivers of sovereignty imposed in debt contracts and the extension of jurisdiction to foreign courts and extra-judicial arbitration forums such as ICSID, where other vultures nest;
Denouncing and stopping further negotiations and the signing of free trade and investment protection treaties and agreements which involve the surrender of our sovereignty to big business and the merchants of capital.
• Call on all governments, particularly in Latin America and the Caribbean and the rest of the global South, on the institutions of integration such as UNASUR, ALBA, CELAC, the G77, to support Argentina in the direction indicated and to advance together in the creation of new policies, instruments and institutions that break once and for all with the neoliberal, capitalist schemes imposed and allow us to build on the basis of what is ours, including for example a South Solidarity Bank and the adoption of national, regional, and international laws and policies of control over capital movements and transnational corporations in general, in order to effectively subject them to sovereignty and respect for all human rights.
The vultures will not find it so easy to continue flying over us if our countries do not allow them to pass. Together we can move forward in the building of new realities of life and bien vivir, putting an end as well to the impunity with which the international economic and financial system works and ensuring that those responsible for the crimes committed make reparations, paying the debts they have accumulated to us.
We don´t owe, we won´t pay! The only true creditors are the people!
Jubilee South / Americas - Latin America and the Caribbean, July 2014
Regional and global endorsements, as of 31.7.14:
African Forum for Alternatives, Dakar, Senegal
Amigos de la Tierra América Latina y el Caribe ATALC
ARCADE, Dakar, Senegal
Bia´lii, Asesoría e Investigación, A.C., México
Centre national de coopération au développement, CNCD-11.11.11. Bélgica
Colectivo Voces Ecológicas COVEC, Panamá
Comité por la Anulación Deuda Tercer Mundo - Abya Yala - Nuestra América CADTM - AYNA
Comité por la Anulación Deuda Tercer Mundo (CADTM) Internacional
Development alternatives with Women for a New Era (DAWN)
Diverse Voices and Action for Equality, Fiji
Ecologistas en Acción, Estado español
Ecuador Decide, Ecuador
Equipo del periódico “El Independiente”, El Salvador
Equity and Justice Working Group (EquityBD), Bangladesh
Federación Nacional de Sindicatos Bancarios FENASIBANCOL, Colombia
Foro Social México Global, México
Freedom from Debt Coalition, Filipinas
Global Exchange, EE.UU.
Grupo Tacuba, México
Indian Social Action Forum - INSAF, New Delhi, India
Instituto Políticas Alternativas para o Cone Sul – PACS, Brasil
Jóvenes frente al G20, México
Jubilee Debt Campaign, Reino Unido
Jubilee Oregon, EE.UU.
Jubilee South-Asia/Pacific Movement on Debt and Development
Movimiento mundial por los bosques tropicales (WRM)
ONG Desafío, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
Otros Mundos, A.C./Amigos de la Tierra México
Pakistan Fisherfok Forum, Paquistán
PAPDA, Haití
Partido Popular Tekojoja (Vivir en igualdad) del Paraguay
Platform of Filipino Migrant Orgnisations in Europe
Plataforma Auditoria Ciudadana de la Deuda, Estado español
Plataforma Ciudadana por la Auditoria de la Deuda Pública en Colombia
Plataforma Descam Uruguay
Plataforma Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, Democracia y Desarrollo (PIDHDD)
Red del Tercer Mundo / Third World Network
Rede Jubileu Sul Brasil
REDES-Amigos de la Tierra (FoE), Uruguay
Sanlakas, FIlipinas
Transnational Institute, Holanda
Unidad Ecologica Salvadorena UNES, El Salvador
A Ercelan, World Fisherfolk Forum, Paquistán
Alberto Rabilotta, periodista argentino-canadiense
Cyril Bowman, Irlanda
Dr. Daniel Ozarow, Argentina Research Network, Reino Unido
Dr. Eugenia Correa, Posgrado de Economía-UNAM, México
Dr. Ramiro Chimuris, Uruguay
Fernando Montalbán Blanco, miembro de El Mensaje de Silo de Nuevo Baztán Madrid, España
Francine Mestrum, Global Social Justice, Brussels
Gigi Francisco, DAWN General Coordinator
Gladys Hernández, Centro de Investigación de la Economía Mundial CIEM, Cuba
John Dillon, Coordinador del Programa de Economía Ecológica, KAIROS: Iniciativas Ecuménicas Canadienses para la Justicia, Canadá
María Elena Saludas (ATTAC / CADTM – AYNA)
Paul-Emile Dupret, jurista, Parlamento europeo, grupo GUE/NGL de Bélgica
Pedro Córdova Del Campo, CEDAL- Perú
Víctor Regalado, periodista, El Salvador
Europe solidaire sans frontières (ESSF), France